Kidney Disease
What causes kidney disease?
Chronic kidney disease can be caused following onset from another disease such as diabetes, vascular diseases, tubulointerstitial disease, cystic and congenital kidney disease and unrecovered acute kidney injury (AKI). Chronic kidney disease in early stages is asymptomatic due to renal functional adaption, where the remaining tissue enhances its functionality. The earliest signs of chronic kidney disease can include, nocturia, fatigue, anorexia, lethargy and decreased mental awareness. Later stages of chronic kidney disease will show symptoms including nutritional deterioration such as weight loss, muscle weakness, nausea and vomiting, serositis, acid-base abnormalities, electrolyte abnormalities, hypertension and cognitive impairment.
How can Bites Dietitians help?
Bites dietitians can help you to manage your kidney disease through a prescriptive dietary intervention according to what stage of renal impairment you are at. Bites dietitians will assess your individual nutritional status, most recent pathology results to check for impairments to electrolyte balance and renal markers, fluid status, the stage of chronic kidney disease you are at and your individual micronutrient status. Once each of these factors have been assessed, dietary plans can be prescribed to reach your goals. You might need to reduce or increase some foods containing high levels of potassium, phosphate and sodium in your diet depending on how well your body is coping with these. It’s often also helpful for us to speak with your treating GP and/or nephrologist to gain a better understanding of how they would like us to work with them to manage your levels. Some nutritional goals may also include achieving and maintaining a healthy weight or supplementing any micronutrient deficiencies.
Our dietitians will also help you manage any comorbidities associated with this disease. For example, if you have type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease, our dietitians will create a tailored meal plan that “multitasks” and helps you to manage both these conditions by perhaps also limiting your carbohydrate intake to manage blood glucose levels or achieving weight loss through a calorie deficit.
An interesting fact about diet and kidney disease
Hypertension is also associated with kidney disease, which if left untreated, can damage the kidney further Dietitians can help to prevent this and/or manage hypertension through a dietary prescription that reduces your sodium intake to a level of 2000-2300 mg/day.
How can Bites Exercise Physiologists help?
Exercise has many great benefits and is an excellent source of treatment for many diseases. If you are someone who has kidney disease and has an increased risk of co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) or hypertension, it would be very beneficial to you to participate in physical activity to actively reduce these risks. Depending on your overall health status if weight loss needs to be achieved to help manage kidney disease, our exercise physiologists can make the process easier. They can provide you with a tailored exercise plan that is specific to your goals. The exercise plans will be tailored to your physical activity level, facilities available to you, overall ability and likes and dislikes. Exercise should be enjoyable and our exercise physiologists understand that everyone likes different things so they individualise every client’s plan to ensure the best results and outcomes for you!
An interesting fact about kidney disease and exercise:
Individuals with chronic kidney disease are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Strategies such as increasing physical activity have been recognised to be useful in minimising this risk.
What improvements can you expect from a tailored dietary/exercise prescription?
Stabilisation of your renal function over time is the ultimate goal here with improvements in associated risk factors such as blood pressure, weight and glucose levels being expected also! If weight loss was a goal, a weight loss of 0.5 – 1.5 kg per week can usually be safely achieved through diet and exercise prescription and will be guided by how fast or slow you would like to see improvements. If reducing the risk or managing hypertension is a goal, blood pressure should begin to decrease within weeks to months of beginning your dietary/exercise prescription.
Helpful things to bring/remember before your first appointment
- Referral
- Recent Pathology (blood) test results
- Any discharge paperwork from recent or past hospital admissions
- Contact details of any treating specialists you would like us to liaise with
- List of medications you are on and dosages
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